T\u00fcrk milletine “korkmamay\u0131” \u00f6\u011freten, kendisini vatan\u0131na ve milletine adayan vatan \u015fairi Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “milli mutabakat metni” \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinde kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 97 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Mehmet Akif, derin bir tebli\u011f ve telkin g\u00fcc\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’nda, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n kazan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na olan inan\u00e7la, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, hak, iman, vatan ve din konular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zenle i\u015fledi.<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan ve derin bir telkin g\u00fcc\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri, yakla\u015f\u0131k bir as\u0131rd\u0131r her okunu\u015funda T\u00fcrk milletinin, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sevdas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde dile getirmesine vesile oluyor.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Akif \u015fiirinde, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n kazan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na olan inanc\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, hak, iman, vatan, din ve benzeri konular\u0131 \u00f6zenle i\u015fledi. Millete ve kahraman orduya arma\u011fan etti\u011fi ve imza atmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiiri Safahat adl\u0131 eserine de almayan Mehmet Akif, kendisine y\u00f6neltilen, “Yeniden yaz\u0131lsa olmaz m\u0131?” sorusuna, “Allah bir daha bu millete \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 yazd\u0131rmas\u0131n.” kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vererek ilelebet varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecek milli mutabakat metnine de son noktay\u0131 koydu.<\/p>\n
Milli \u015fiire g\u00f6t\u00fcren s\u00fcre\u00e7
\n\u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131, \u0130stanbul ve Anadolu’da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen milli m\u00fccadele s\u0131ras\u0131nda, cephedeki askerin \u015fevklendirilmesi, cephe gerisindeki halka da milli m\u00fccadele ruhunun kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yazd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Milli \u015fiire g\u00f6t\u00fcren s\u00fcre\u00e7, 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra 10 A\u011fustos 1920’de Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’yi par\u00e7alayan bu antla\u015fma, Anadolu’daki m\u00fccadele ruhunun da fitilini ate\u015fledi.<\/p>\n
Sevr’den g\u00fc\u00e7 alan itilaf devletlerinin Anadolu’nun pek \u00e7ok yerindeki i\u015fgalleri ile 16 Mart 1920\u2019de \u0130stanbul’un, 15 May\u0131s 1919’da da \u0130zmir ve y\u00f6resinin Yunanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgali, Anadolu’da s\u00f6nmek bilmeyen m\u00fccadele ruhunu canland\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Antla\u015fmalar ve i\u015fgallerle zora d\u00fc\u015fen Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin durumunu bilen Anadolu halk\u0131, hak ve hukukunu korumak i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca kendi b\u00f6lgelerinde etkili olan milli cemiyetler kurdu. Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, bu cemiyetleri bir araya getirmek i\u00e7in 19 May\u0131s 1919 g\u00fcn\u00fc Samsun’da bir me\u015fale yakt\u0131. T\u00fcrk milletini \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek ve milli m\u00fccadeleyi ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in yak\u0131n arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
23 Temmuz 1919’da Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Erzurum Kongresi topland\u0131, 4 Eyl\u00fcl 1919’da da Sivas’ta bir kongre yap\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’nin, herhangi bir \u00fclkenin bir mandas\u0131nda y\u00f6netilmesi \u00f6nerileri kesin olarak reddedildi. Sivas Kongresi’nde, Anadolu ve Rumeli’deki m\u00fcdafaa-i hukuk cemiyetleri birle\u015ftirilerek tek cemiyet haline getirildi.<\/p>\n
Atat\u00fcrk, Ankara’ya Heyet-i Temsiliye \u00fcyeleriyle geldi
\nMustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, Heyet-i Temsiliye \u00fcyeleriyle 27 Aral\u0131k’ta Ankara’ya gelmesinin ard\u0131ndan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkileri olan bir Meclisin Ankara’da toplanmas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na h\u0131z verdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul Meclisi i\u015fgal dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kapan\u0131nca, Meclis-i Mebusan \u00fcyeleri ve yeni se\u00e7ilen milletvekilleri 23 Nisan 1920’de T\u00fcrk milletinin iradesini temsil eden T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisini (TBMM) kurdu.<\/p>\n
Bu arada \u0130stanbul ve yurdun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde mitingler d\u00fczenlenerek i\u015fgallere kar\u015f\u0131 milli m\u00fccadele fikri uyand\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden Anadolu’da milli m\u00fccadele bayra\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Milli irade, bu bayrak alt\u0131nda toplanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Milli m\u00fccadelenin manevi cephesini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in Ankara’ya davet edilen isimlerden birisi olan Mehmet Akif, bu daveti kabul ederek Ankara’ya geldi.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Akif bu arada, yurdun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde vaazlar verdi, Sebil\u00fcrre\u015fad dergisini Kastamonu ve Ankara’da yay\u0131nlad\u0131, bu mecmua, cephelere kadar da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Garp Cephesi Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet Bey mar\u015f\u0131 teklif etti
\nVatan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerindeki cephelerde i\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fan neferlerin modern silahlarla donat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli ordu haline getirilmesi i\u00e7in de bir yandan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk milletinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu m\u00fccadeleler s\u00fcrerken Garp Cephesi Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet Bey (\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc), Maarif Vekili (Milli E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131) R\u0131za Nur Bey’i ziyaret ederek askeri \u015fevklendirecek ve milli m\u00fccadele ruhunu ifade edecek bir mar\u015f yazd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ordu ad\u0131na teklif etti. Milli mar\u015f\u0131n g\u00fcfte ve bestesinin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yar\u0131\u015fmaya konmas\u0131, kazanan \u015fair ve besteciye 500’er lira \u00f6d\u00fcl verilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in yar\u0131\u015fma d\u00fczenlendi, Akif kat\u0131lmad\u0131
\nR\u0131za Nur’un, TBMM taraf\u0131ndan Moskova’da bir delegelikle g\u00f6revlendirilmesinin ard\u0131ndan yerine Hamdullah Suphi Bey getirildi. Hamdullah Suphi, milli \u015fiir m\u00fcsabakas\u0131 i\u00e7in gazetelere ilan verdi. Bu ilan\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yar\u0131\u015fmaya 724 adet \u015fiir g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Akif, m\u00fcsabakan\u0131n \u015feklini ve paray\u0131 kabul etmeyerek yar\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Edebiyattan anlayan ve g\u00fczel konu\u015fan T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n\u0131 Hamdullah Suphi, gelen \u015fiirlerde aran\u0131lan co\u015fkunun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek, Mehmet Akif’e bir mektup g\u00f6nderdi ve “milli \u015fiir”i yazmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Akif, arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n da \u0131srar\u0131yla \u015fiiri yazmay\u0131 kabul etti. \u015eair Mehmet Akif \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131, evde, sokakta, camide, mecliste y\u00fcr\u00fcrken, otururken, yemek yerken b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fccreleriyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek yazd\u0131.<\/p>\n
“Korkma” diyerek ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirini, “Hakk\u0131d\u0131r, h\u00fcr ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, bayra\u011f\u0131m\u0131n h\u00fcrriyet \/ Hakk\u0131d\u0131r, Hakk’a tapan, milletimin istiklal.” \u015feklinde iki g\u00fcnde bitiren Mehmet Akif, eserini imzas\u0131z bir \u015fekilde Maarif Vekili Hamdullah Suphi’ye teslim etti.<\/p>\n
\u015eiiri ilk kez Maarif Vekili Hamdullah Suphi okudu, milletvekilleri ayakta dinledi
\nTBMM 2. Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Adnan Bey’in (Ad\u0131var) ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00f6netilen mecliste bir\u00e7ok kanun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra, 1 Mart 1921’de bas\u0131l\u0131 olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan \u015fiirler mebuslarca uzun s\u00fcre tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015eiir, 12 Mart 1921’de yap\u0131lan oylama sonucunda resmi \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edildi. Daha sonra k\u00fcrs\u00fcye gelen Maarif Vekili Hamdullah Suphi Bey kabul edilen metni okudu ve milletvekilleri, milli mar\u015f\u0131 ayakta dinledi.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Akif, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 okunurken mahcubiyetinden mecliste bulunamad\u0131. \u015eiiri Safahat’a da koymayan Mehmet Akif, almak istemedi\u011fi ancak kanunen kendisine yar\u0131\u015fma \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc olarak verilen 500 liray\u0131 “Dar’\u00fcl Mesai” isimli, \u015fehit e\u015flerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir derne\u011fe ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131. Orduya ithaf edilerek yaz\u0131lan bu eser, T\u00fcrk milletinin resmi mar\u015f\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n
Beste yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonu\u00e7land\u0131
\nMilli m\u00fccadeleden dolay\u0131 yava\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fcyen ve geciken beste yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra yeniden g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n
1924’te Ankara’da Maarif Vekaletinde bir kurul topland\u0131. Bu kurul, 24 m\u00fczisyenin bestesinin i\u00e7inden Ali R\u0131fat \u00c7a\u011fatay’\u0131n bestesini kabul etti. \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131, metni ve bestesiyle b\u00fct\u00fcn okullara bildirildi. 1930 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn okullarda s\u00f6ylendi.<\/p>\n
Ali R\u0131fat \u00c7a\u011fatay’\u0131n bestesinin T\u00fcrk m\u00fczi\u011finin etkisi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda al\u0131nan karar uyar\u0131nca Osman Zeki \u00dcng\u00f6r’\u00fcn bestesi benimsendi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kendisini vatan\u0131na ve milletine adayan vatan \u015fairi Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir ulusa ‘korkmamay\u0131’ \u00f6\u011freten \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinde kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 97 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":70845,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-70844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turkiye"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70844"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70844\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70844"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nordicturk.com\/arsiv\/20122025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=70844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}