Avrupa genelinde yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde beklentilerin aksine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar elde edememesi, bu partilerin savundu\u011fu “AB’yi b\u00f6lme senaryosu”nun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine engel oldu.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Avrupa’da 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda patlak veren ekonomik kriz ve \u00f6zellikle Suriye’deki i\u00e7 sava\u015f nedeniyle k\u0131taya m\u00fcltecilerin ak\u0131n etmesi sonucu Avrupa genelinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partiler y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Genellikle AB ve m\u00fclteci kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir g\u00fcndemle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan partilerin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma ihtimali ciddi endi\u015fe yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7en sene haziran ay\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere’nin AB’den \u00e7\u0131kma karar\u0131 ise a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partiler taraf\u0131ndan memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Avusturya, Hollanda ve Fransa gibi AB i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli \u00fclkelerde etkin olan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 parti liderlerinden \u0130ngiltere’dekine benzer bir referandumun yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ise var olan endi\u015feyi art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan, ABD’de Avrupa’daki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131lar\u0131n genel s\u00f6ylemlerine benzer bir \u015fekilde kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fcten ve m\u00fclteci kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 olan Donald Trump’\u0131n ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilmesi, Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki pop\u00fclist r\u00fczgar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Avrupa’da 2017 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde se\u00e7im y\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ise bir\u00e7ok kesim taraf\u0131ndan adeta “felaket senaryosu” olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin iktidara gelme ihtimalini test etme imkan\u0131 sundu.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015finin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 “korku senaryosunun” \u015fimdilik ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fini ise a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n Avusturya, Hollanda, Fransa ve Almanya’da yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 elde edememesi g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n
AB-T\u00fcrkiye m\u00fclteci anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00d6zellikle Suriye’deki sava\u015f ve DEA\u015e ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn etkinli\u011fi sonucu Avrupa’ya ak\u0131n eden m\u00fclteciler, k\u0131tada b\u00fcy\u00fck endi\u015fe yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Avrupa ba\u015fkentlerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonucu kamuoyunda b\u00fcy\u00fcyen korkuyu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partiler adeta s\u00f6m\u00fcrerek pop\u00fclist g\u00fcndemlerinde m\u00fclteci kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlere a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer yandan, AB ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en sene mart ay\u0131nda imzalanan m\u00fclteci anla\u015fmas\u0131 k\u0131ta \u00fclkelerine rahat bir nefes ald\u0131rd\u0131. Anla\u015fma sonucu Avrupa’ya giden m\u00fclteci say\u0131s\u0131nda y\u00fczde 97 civar\u0131nda azalma kaydedildi.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu Avrupa D\u0131\u015f \u0130li\u015fkiler Konseyinin Berlin Temsilcisi Josef Janning, “Man\u015fetlerde m\u00fclteci krizi olmay\u0131nca ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7 bu. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 pop\u00fclistler da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine giriyor. AB’yi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i politikalarla b\u00f6lmenin o kadar da kolay olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.” \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Avrupa genelinde ekonomik d\u00fczelme<\/strong><\/p>\n Avrupa’daki 2008 ekonomik krizinin etkilerinin 2016 itibariyle azalma g\u00f6stermesi de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f kampanyan\u0131n s\u00f6ylemlerinin cazibesini azaltan fakt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. AB Komisyonundan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re, AB \u00fcyelerinin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki iki y\u0131l boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fcme kaydetmesi bekleniyor. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fsizlik oranlar\u0131nda genel bir d\u00fczelmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, k\u0131ta genelinde \u00f6zel t\u00fcketimin b\u00fcy\u00fcmedeki temel etken olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Trump ters etki yapt\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n ABD’de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlerle se\u00e7ilen ve AB b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesi yerine egemen devletlere verdi\u011fi deste\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirten Trump’\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturmas\u0131n\u0131n, Avrupa’da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n elini daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n Ancak, Avrupa’daki se\u00e7menlerin tercihine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Trump’\u0131n ters etki yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriliyor. \u00d6zellikle 7 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkeden m\u00fclteci al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan Trump, Avrupa’da b\u00fcy\u00fck tepki toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Avrupal\u0131 se\u00e7menlerin genelinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fa oy vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131narak “ABD ile ayn\u0131 hatay\u0131 yapmama” kan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Le Pen merkezi \u00e7izgideki Macron’a yenildi<\/strong><\/p>\n Fransa siyasetinde 1972’den bu yana a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n temsilcisi olan Marine Le Pen’in babas\u0131ndan devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ulusal Cephe (FN) partisi, 2011’den beri girdi\u011fi her se\u00e7imde oylar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Le Pen, cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7iminin ilk turunda\u200b 7 milyon\u200b, ge\u00e7en hafta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ikinci turunda ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 11 milyon oy ald\u0131. AB ve uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi yanl\u0131s\u0131 Emmanuel Macron, AB’den ayr\u0131lmay\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 g\u00f6reve geldi\u011fi g\u00fcn kapatmay\u0131, ortak para birimi avrodan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 savunan Le Pen kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kolay bir ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Macron’un oy oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 66.06’ya \u00e7\u0131karken, Le Pen’in oylar\u0131 y\u00fczde 33.94’de kald\u0131.<\/p>\n Macron’un se\u00e7ilmesiyle Fransa’n\u0131n da birlikten ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 riski ortadan kalkt\u0131. Bu sonu\u00e7la birlikte AB derin bir nefes ald\u0131.<\/p>\n Fransa’da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fi son 20 y\u0131lda s\u00fcreklilik arz ederken, iki turlu se\u00e7im sistemi sayesinde di\u011fer partiler baraj uygulayarak bir nevi bu y\u00fckseli\u015fin sand\u0131k sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7iyor.<\/p>\n Wilders’in “devrim” \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 sonu\u00e7 vermedi<\/strong><\/p>\n Hollanda’da ise a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Partisi (PVV) lideri Geert Wilders mart ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlerde oylar\u0131n y\u00fczde 13’\u00fcn\u00fc alarak y\u00fczde 21,2 oy alan Mark Rutte’nin liderli\u011findeki Liberal \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve Demokrasi i\u00e7in Halk Partisinin (VVD) gerisinde kald\u0131.<\/p>\n Se\u00e7ilmesi durumunda “Avrupa’da devrim” ba\u015flataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan eden ve m\u00fclteci ve \u0130slam kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan Wilders, Hollandal\u0131 se\u00e7menden bekledi\u011fi deste\u011fi alamad\u0131.<\/p>\n Hofer, Avrupa’n\u0131n ilk sa\u011fc\u0131 cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olacakt\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Avusturya\u2019da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 Avusturya \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Partisinin (FP\u00d6) cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 aday\u0131 Norbert Hofer y\u00fczde 46\u2019l\u0131k bir oy oran\u0131yla 2016 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini kaybetti.<\/p>\n Hofer\u2019in Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ilk a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olma ihtimali ve \u00f6zellikle \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu partinin AB kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 kayg\u0131lara neden olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n ABD\u2019de Trump\u2019\u0131n kazanmas\u0131n\u0131n, Hofer\u2019in oylar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 iddia edilmi\u015f, toplumda “Hofer kazan\u0131yor” alg\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak se\u00e7menlerin tercihi Ye\u015fillerin destekledi\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z aday Alexander Van der Bellen\u2019den yana oldu.Van der Bellen, oylar\u0131n y\u00fczde 53’\u00fcn\u00fc alarak cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n Avusturya’da h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olu\u015fturan sosyal demokrat ve merkez sa\u011f partilerin yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma program\u0131 ile \u00fclkedeki ekonomik sorunlar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 ve yabanc\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncellemeleri, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve toplumda kayg\u0131lara neden olan konulara y\u00f6nelmelerinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n gerilemesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Almanya’n\u0131n \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 partisi geride kald\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Almanya’daki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 ve pop\u00fclist “Almanya i\u00e7in Alternatif” (AfD) partisi de \u00fclkenin mart ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Saarland se\u00e7imlerinde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131. Almanya’da 24 Eyl\u00fcl’de yap\u0131lacak federal meclis se\u00e7imleri \u00f6ncesinde yap\u0131lan eyalet se\u00e7imlerinin barometre niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n AfD’nin oylar\u0131n y\u00fczde 6.2’sini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerde Almanya Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Angela Merkel’in Hristiyan Demokrat Birli\u011fi partisi y\u00fczde 40,7’lik oy oran\u0131yla \u00f6nemli ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n Brexit \u00f6ncesi \u0130ngiltere’deki sa\u011fc\u0131 parti hezimete u\u011frad\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130ngiltere\u2019de AB, g\u00f6\u00e7men ve \u0130slam kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Partisi (UKIP), ge\u00e7en hafta yap\u0131lan yerel se\u00e7imlerde \u00fclkenin siyasi haritas\u0131ndan adeta silindi.<\/p>\n 2015 genel se\u00e7iminde \u00fclke genelinde y\u00fczde 12.6 oran\u0131nda oy alarak 3. b\u00fcy\u00fck parti konumuna ula\u015fan UKIP, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l yap\u0131lan referandumda da \u00fclkenin AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 (Brexit) i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kamp\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n UKIP 2015 genel se\u00e7iminde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek oy oran\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n parlamentoya sadece 1 milletvekili sokabilmi\u015fti. Ge\u00e7en hafta yap\u0131lan yerel se\u00e7imde de sahip oldu\u011fu 145 belediye meclis \u00fcyeli\u011fini kaybederken, sadece 1 meclis \u00fcyeli\u011fi kazanabildi.<\/p>\n \u0130ngiliz halk\u0131na temel vaadi \u00fclkeyi AB\u2019den koparmak olan UKIP\u2019in, bu rol\u00fcn\u00fc Ba\u015fbakan Theresa May\u2019in liderli\u011findeki Muhafazakar Partiye kapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n, partinin \u201cvarl\u0131k nedenini\u201d ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yorumu yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Nitekim, May\u2019in partisi yerel se\u00e7imde 563 yeni belediye meclisi \u00fcyeli\u011fi ile 4 belediye ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazanarak se\u00e7imden en karl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan parti oldu.<\/p>\n May\u2019in 8 Haziran\u2019daki genel se\u00e7imde de Brexit politikas\u0131n\u0131 temel propaganda malzemesi yapaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken siyasi g\u00f6zlemciler, UKIP\u2019in 2015\u2019te ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 deste\u011fin Muhafazakar Partiye kaymas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor.<\/p>\n Avrupa genelinde beklentinin aksine \u015fimdilik b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 elde edemeyen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin halen merkezi \u00e7izgide duran partilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc alternatif oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Avrupa genelinde yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde beklentilerin aksine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar elde edememesi, bu partilerin savundu\u011fu “AB’yi b\u00f6lme senaryosu”nun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine engel oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-9392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa"],"yoast_head":"\n